As hydrogen emerges as a big player in the global clean 能源 market, the materials 和 infrastructure involved in its generation, 运输, 分布, 和 存储 are presenting new challenges to the industry. im体育APP has extensive technical expertise in testing materials, 涂层, 和电化学 in environmental conditions.  

作为能量载体, hydrogen (H2) offers numerous advantages: it can be used in internal combustion engines or fuel cells, producing virtually no greenhouse 气体 emissions when combusted with oxygen.

氢 can be transported, 存储, 和 even blended with other sources such as natural 气体 to reduce CO2 emissions. So-called "green" hydrogen produced with electricity from renewable sources such as 风力发电 or solar cells instead of fossil fuels allows CO2-free 能源 production. 

 

测试 in a hydrogen environment

氢-related technologies for production, 存储, 运输, 和 utilization are evolving, 和 underst和ing them is an essential part of 今天's world of 能源 和 sustainability.

The interaction of materials with hydrogen 和 the associated hazards 和 failure consequences have made material science 和电化学 two fundamental areas of research for further development 和 wider safe application of hydrogen-related technologies. 

With decades of experience in testing 和 qualification of materials, im体育APP is well prepared 和 actively involved in further development 和 application of safe hydrogen-related technologies, 强调测试, 描述, 和 qualification of materials, 两种金属, 和聚合物, exposed to hydrogen-containing environments. 

im体育APP supports customers with their 碳捕获使用 & Storage projects (CCUS), developing fuel tanks for the 航空航天 和 运输 工业,以及 氢气管道 和 存储 facilities for the 能源 部门. 

im体育APP's current research 和 development activities are focused on exp和ing the facilities 和 infrastructures for performing mechanical 和 断裂力学 testing in H2 environments.

The result of such testing scenarios will be implemented in a 断裂力学-based design approach for hydrogen containment 和 transport components such as steel piping systems 和 pipelines that carry 气体eous hydrogen. 这将, 反过来, significantly reduce concerns about catastrophic failures due to embrittlement 和 sub-critical crack propagation in structural materials.

 

氢 testing under cryogenic conditions

氢 can be 存储 binding it to chemical compounds 和 as a 气体 or liquid. Storage of H2 as a 气体 typically requires high pressures up to 800 bar, while its boiling point of -253°C at one bar requires cryogenic temperatures to keep it liquid.

For the 描述 和 qualification of materials used for liquid hydrogen 存储 tanks, im体育APP offers a full range of 低温测试 对于机械和 断裂力学 in cryogenic environments as low as -268 °C. 

 

氢 permeation testing on polymers

Because of its small molecular size, hydrogen can permeate through polymeric (non-metallic) materials much faster than methane or other 气体es traditionally associated with fossil fuels. This needs to be quantified so that, 例如, the amount of hydrogen permeating through the walls of a thermoplastic transmission line can be calculated, as well as the losses through seals in compressors etc. 

im体育APP is already conducting testing with hydrogen on elastomers 和 热塑性塑料 at pressures to 100 bar 和 has been able to compare permeation rates to previously tested 气体es.

 

im体育APP优势

im体育APP offers outst和ing knowledge 和 expertise in the fields of materials science, 腐蚀, 涂料, 和电化学. Our engaged experts have state-of-the-art equipment to provide testing, 认证, 和 consulting for many areas of hydrogen-related technologies. 

For more information about our hydrogen testing capabilities or to request a quote, im体育APP 今天.

 

Blue hydrogen production with Carbon Capture 和 Storage:

Blue hydrogen is produced from natural 气体 with CO2 as waste product. When the CO2 is transported to underground sites for permanent 存储 (carbon capture 和 存储, CCS), the hydrogen is termed ‘blue’ 和 is carbon neutral. This presents challenges to materials from both a CO2 和 an H2 perspective as both involve high pressures 和 temperatures as well as contamination by other trace 气体es. Rapid 气体 decompression (RGD) with CO2 also places increased stress on non-metallic seals 和 components. 

氢 in 汽车:

Small 存储 和 fuel cells are needed. Such technologies work at high pressure up to 750-800 bar. The materials must be developed, tested, 和 certified for these conditions.

氢在航空中的应用:

Airbus, among others, is working on hydrogen-powered aircraft. One challenge is to store the fuel in liquid form at -253 °C. The materials for the tanks must be developed, tested, 和 certified for these low temperatures.

氢 in 能源 supply:

When hydrogen is to be fed into pipelines instead of or mixed with natural 气体, it must be considered that both 气体es differ in diffusivity 和 corrosivity. 在很多情况下, adaptations or renewals are required for production plants, transport infrastructure, 和 分布 to end consumers. This updated infrastructure also requires different maintenance processes. 

Underst和ing 氢 渗透 测试 on Non-Metallic Materials

氢 permeation testing can provide manufacturers with important knowledge such as how much hydrogen is going to pass through a material.

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Whitepaper: Rapid Gas Decompression (RGD) Tests Involving 氢 Sulfide

This white paper demonstrates that H2S is a more hostile 气体 than CO2 towards housed elastomeric seals subjected to repeated pressure cycling in RGD tests.

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Simulating gust-induced sloshing in the fuel tank of a liquid hydrogen powered aircraft

 im体育APP 数字工程 was commissioned to investigate the problems associated with the thermo- 和 fluid dynamics of the liquid hydrogen fuel whilst the aircraft is on ground 和 in flight.

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氢 Fuel Cell Explosion

Our modelling 和 模拟 work

im体育APP的 数字工程 team are utilizing modeling, 模拟, data science 和 other digital solutions to overcome complex challenges across a range hydrogen projects.

阅读我们的 案例研究 to learn how we partner with 能源 companies working at the forefront of the 能源 transition to drive projects forwards.

阅读我们的 hydrogen 案例研究

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With a unique range of permeating capabilities for polymers, 热塑性塑料, elastomers 和 composites, we can simulate the high pressure 和 extreme temperatures found in deep wells, or the conditions in an automotive applications, utilities industry or chemical processing equipment.

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我们的团队超过9人,000 从事专家 in North America, 欧洲, 中东地区, 澳大利亚, Asia 和 Africa are ready to help you.